Methylsulfonylmethane, dimethylsulfone (MSM) is an organic sulfur compound found in minimal quantities in food and human blood.
MSM is a metabolite of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a natural organic form of sulfur. DMSO is easily absorbed through the skin. Some people use DMSO topically as an arthritis remedy or pain reliever for sore muscles.
MSM is a source of sulfur and some evidence has shown that it is incorporated into the sulfur amino acids, cysteine and methionine. However, the biochemical mechanism for the transfer of sulfur from MSM into these amino acids is unknown.
There is a body of evidence that supports the safety of MSM. In the papers reviewed on MSM penetrating the blood-brain barrier (see current research section,) no adverse effects were found at a dose of at least 2 grams/day.
In clinical trials using MSM, up to 6 grams resulted in few or minimal side effects.
Bioavailability of MSM: The bioavailability of MSM is reasonably supported by three papers which demonstrate that MSM was found in the brains of human children and adults who were taking this supplement from seven days and up to one year. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to determine presence of MSM. Data suggest that MSM is absorbed (possibly intact) from the intestine and crosses the blood-brain-barrier, absorbed into the brain.[~4~] [~5~] [~6~]
Osteoarthritis
A 2004 double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the efficacy and safety of glucosamine alone, MSM alone, or the combination of the two in knee osteoarthritis. 118 patients were randomized to receive either 500 mg glucosamine, 500 mg MSM, 500 mg glucosamine plus 500 mg MSM, or placebo 3 times daily for 12 weeks. Results revealed glucosamine, MSM, and their combination significantly improved signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis compared to placebo. Additionally, the combination therapy (glucosamine + MSM) showed better efficacy than either agent alone in reducing pain and swelling, improving joint function, and had a more rapid onset of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activitiy. The authors conclude that the combination of MSM with glucosamine provides better and more rapid improvement in patients with osteoarthritis.[~7~]
Kim and colleagues tested the efficacy of MSM on fifty men and women with knee osteoarthritis pain in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were given either 6 grams of MSM or placebo for 12 weeks. Results showed a significant decrease in pain (using WOMAC scale) and produced improvements in performing activities for daily living. MSM at 6 grams/day improved symptoms of pain and physical function in those suffering from osteoarthritis.[~8~]
The dietary supplement information contained on this site has been compiled from published sources thought to be reliable, but it cannot be guaranteed. Efforts have been made to assure this information is accurate and current. However, some of this information may be purported or outdated due to ongoing research or discoveries. The authors, editors and publishers cannot accept responsibility for errors or omissions or for any consequences from applications of the information in this site and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the contents herein.
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